Chapter+17+Reconstruction

Reconstruction Summary  Reconstruction was the time period following the civil war. There were two major issues that were prevalent and had to be dealt with. Readmitting the confederate states was argued over. Lincoln proposed his 10 percent plan. Radical Northerners wanted to make the south suffer with referendums that were harsher than Lincolns plan. The other issue was the issue of African Americans. The border states were allowed to keep their slaves, while the southern states had to free their slaves. Even though slaves were free, most ended up share cropping, which was basically slavery. Southern groups retaliated against the change in social norms. The Klu Klux Klan formed during reconstruction as a result. Also the assassination of President Lincoln was a significant problem to the new changes that were taking place. **  Chapter 17: Reconstruction Vocabulary List   ** Focus Questions: // Was Reconstruction a success or failure? Was there a better solution? //   Lincoln’s Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction: Ten Percent Plan: Radical Republicans: Thaddeus Stevens: Charles Sumner: Wade Davis Bill: Field Order 15: Freedman’s Bureau: Thirteenth Amendment: Fourteenth Amendment: Fifteenth Amendment: Civil Rights Act 1868: John Wilkes Booth: Andrew Johnson: Black codes: Tenure of Office Act: Edwin Stanton: Edmund Ross: Impeachment: Ku Klux Klan: Ulysses S. Grant: National Woman Suffrage Association: “forty acres and a mule”: Exodusters: Sharecropping: Reconstruction Acts of 1867: Carpetbaggers: Scalawags: Civil Rights Act 1875: Slaughterhouse Cases/ U.S. v. Cruikshank/ U.S. v. Reese: Credit Mobilier Scandal: Hiram Revels: Blanche Bruce: Disputed Election of 1876: Compromise of 1877: “New” South vs. Redeemers:  Reconstruction notes  A. ** 13th Amendment- Frees slaves  **  B. **Civil Rights Act of 1866 **  I. Blacks Rights  II. Passes over President Johnson’s Veto  C. **Freedman’s Bureau **  I. Over Johnson’s Veto  II. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Gave free African Americans food, shelters, clothes, education, etc. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> D. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Reconstruction Act of 1867 ** <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> I. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">5 miltiary districts split up south <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> II. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">President threatens to veto <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> E. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Radical Republicans ** <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> I. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Sumner <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> II. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Davis <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> III. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Wade <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> IV. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Stevens <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> F. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Impeachment ** <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> I. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Johnson accused of crime from House and trialed in senate. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 1in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> a. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Impeach = accuse / not necessarily kicked out of office <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> II. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Johnson kicks out Dep. Of war (Edwin Stanton) <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 1in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> a. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Congress tells Johnson he can fire Stanton because of Tenure of Office Act – permission is needed from the Senate to fire members of the cabinet. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> G. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1868 Ulysses S. Grant ** <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> I. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">14th amendment- African Americans have citizenship and equality. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> II. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">15th amendment- African Americans have the right to vote <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> III. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Hiram Revels / Blanche Bruce – first black senators from Miss. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> H. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Force Acts ** <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> I. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Designed to stop Klu Klux Klan <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> II. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Found unconstitutional by supreme court <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> I. ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1876 Election **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> I. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Sam Tilden v. Rutherford B. Hayes (R.) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-line-height-alt: 5.0pt; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> II. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Compromise of 1877 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: .5in;"> Full pardon
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: .5in;"> Respected private property (except slaves)
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: .5in;"> Restoration of property (except slaves) to white southerners who swore to an oath of allegiance.
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: .5in;"> When the number of any confederate state voters reached 10% of those who voted in 1860, they could create a legit state government that’d be recognized.
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: .5in;"> Believed in powerful national government, equal political and economic opportunity
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: .5in;"> Believed that South needed free labor, education, and equal rights as well as coexistence.
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: .5in;"> Pennsylvania
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: .5in;"> Called for the confiscation of 400 million acres belonging to the wealthiest Southerners to redistribute to black and white yeomen farmers
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .5in;"> Charles Sumner Incident
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .5in;"> Radical
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: .5in;"> Benjamin F. Wade (Ohio) and Henry Davis (Maryland)
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: .5in;"> Required 50% of a seceding state’s white male population to take oath.
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: .5in;"> January 1865- William T. Sherman
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: .5in;"> Set aside the Sea Islands of the Georgia coast and a portion of the South Carolina rice fields for the settlement of freed people only, each acquiring 45 acres of land
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: .5in;"> March 1865
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: .5in;"> Provided food, clothing, and fuel to former slaves
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: .5in;"> Supervised and managed all the abandoned land in the South
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: .5in;"> Declared that slavery nor involuntary servitude would exist in the U.S.
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: .5in;"> Granted freedom to former slaves, and all races can now vote
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: .5in;"> Votes won’t be ignored due to race, color, or previous servitude.
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: .5in;"> Bestowed full citizenship on African Americans
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: .5in;"> Assassinated Abe Lincoln
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: .5in;"> Democrat
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: .5in;"> Blamed the elite planters rather than all the states of the former Confederacy
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: .5in;"> 1865-Johnson granted amnesty and pardon to all confederates who pledged loyalty to the Union.
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .5in;"> Passed by South Carolina, Mississippi, and Louisiana
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .5in;"> Designed to restrict freedom of the black labor force and to keep freed people as close to slavery as possible.
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: .5in;"> Any office holder appointed by the president with senate’s advice and consent can’t be removed until the senate has approved a successor
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: .5in;"> Johnson’s Secretary of War
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: .5in;"> Suspended and replaced by Ulysses S. Grant
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .5in;"> United States Senator from Kansas
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .5in;"> Johnson was impeached to eleven counts of high crimes and misdemeanors
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .5in;"> Created by N.B. Forrest
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .5in;"> Terrorist campaign against reconstruction government and local leaders
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .5in;"> Guerilla military force
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in;"> Election of 1868 and ‘72
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in;"> North war hero
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .5in;"> All-female radical wing
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .5in;"> Fighting for the right to vote—failed at first, but then got millions of women to become involved in politics
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: .5in;"> Sherman’s Filed Order 15 rally call
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: .5in;"> Brought hope and opportunity to Southern African Americans
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in;"> Freedmen who migrated to Kansas hoping to find political rights, economic opportunity, and freedom from violence
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in;"> White landowners contracted with African American families to take care of a land plot and the families received 1/3 of the year’s crop if everything was provided to them, ½ if it was their own supplies
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in;"> Blacks and whites have the same rights, privileges, and immunities
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in;"> Allowed to sit on juries etc
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: .5in;"> Well educated and middle class whites, wanted to reform the “unprogressive” South
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: .5in;"> Wanted Northern industrialization and principles in the South
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: .5in;"> Outlawed racial discrimination in theaters, hotels, railroads, and other public places
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: .5in;"> Restricted power to enforce the KKK
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: .5in;"> Credit Mobilier- Fake company
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: .5in;"> Created by the Union Pacific Stockholders
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: .5in;"> In return for political favors, people received stock
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: .5in;"> Represented Mississippi
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: .5in;"> the first African American to ever serve in the U.S. Congress, but did not serve a full term.
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: .5in;">
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: .5in;"> was a U.S. politician who represented Mississippi from 1875 to 1881 and was the first elected African American senator to serve a full term.
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: .5in;"> Dems fighting for power and the Repubs are stuck in a scandal
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: .5in;"> Tilden had more votes than Hayes, yet some states were undecided
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: .5in;"> 1877 Congress was deadlocked
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: .5in;"> Hayes (now president)
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: .5in;"> Republican governors in Louisiana and South Carolina nullified 14th and 15th amendments
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo20; tab-stops: .5in;"> “New” South wanted to start fresh, and become more industrialized
 * <span style="line-height: normal; 0in margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo20; tab-stops: .5in;"> Redeemers—KKK, wanted to preserve the old South